Managing Information Technology Artificial Intelligence

What is Intelligence
• A property of mind that include many related abilities:
• Reasoning, Planning,
• Problems solving, Abstract thinking,
• Comprehend ideas, Language, Learning…
• Intelligence also include qualities as:
• Creativity, Personality, Character, Knowledge…
• How could we recognise whether something inhuman
have intelligence
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Intellegere
• Latin verb “intellegere”, means “to understand“
• Deeper understanding of the relationships of the
world around us
• Capability for metaphysical manipulation of
abstract objects and relationships once their
understanding is achieved.
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Artificial Intelligence
• What type of mater and organization is
necessary?
• Is it possible for a machine made of metal to
have intelligence comparable to our?
• Could non-organic machine had problemsolving
capabilities like a human’s
• Could a machine have consciousness and
emotions?
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What is Artificial Intelligence – AI
• Study of human intelligence so that it could be
artificially simulated, or generated,
• The search for a way to map intelligence into
machine, hardware and software, and enable such
system to formalize thinking,
• A branch of computer science, dealing with machine
intelligent behaviour,
• The implementation and study of systems that
show an autonomous, intelligent, behaviour…
Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence – imitating humans
Machine Learning / computer learns from data:
training a model using datasets
Deep Learning: machine learning using network of
neurons
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Deep Neural Networks
• The state-of-the-art method for object recognition is the application of Deep
Neural Networks.
• It gives very good accuracy and has won many competitions / challenges in
object recognition.
• Why is it called deep?
• Shallow networks, e.g. MLP’s usually have only a few layers. Adding more
layers to MLP’s does not increase its capability to approximate functions.
• Deep neural networks, on the other hand, has many layers (can be
several tens or hundreds) where each layer has its own specific task, e.g.
in convolutional neural network:
• First layer finds the edges within an image
• Second layer combines the edges to get corners etc.
• Third layer combines the corners (etc.) to get nose, eyes etc.
• Fourth layer finally recognises that it is a face.
• Multilayer perceptron (MLP) is a class of feedforward artificial neural network
(ANN)
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Conventional AI
• This approach is distinguished by formalism,
statistical analysis, definitions and proof.
• Machine learning is primarily associated with
conventional AI.
• It includes
– expert systems,
– case based reasoning,
– Semantics.
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Computational Intelligence – CI
• CI is known for its informal, non-statistical and trial-and-error
approach.
• Learning is generally an iterative process of improvement
based on empirical data.
CI categories:
– Neural networks,
– Fuzzy systems,
– Evolutionary computation.
• Research overlaps with a-life, cognitive science, cybernetics &
robotics, hybrid intelligent systems design and study.
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Artificial Intelligence Topics
• Planning, Decision making and Problem Solving
• Uncertainty, Probability, Games,
• Deduction in Logic, Fuzzy Logic
• Machine Learning,
• Knowledge Engineering: Databases, Expert Systems,
Diagnostic Systems
• Web, Google, Learning Hub, Online Exam?,
• Natural Language : Markov models…
• Artificial Life
• Neural Networks
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Neural Networks (NNs)
• Artificial NN consist of layers of
– Linear and
– Nonlinear
Algebraic functions that transform a given input
xi(i=1, 2,…,n) to an output.
• During the neuron learning stage, the parameters of the linear
functions, called weights, w, are defined by processing input
sets and producing output sets
wijxi(j=1, 2,…,m)
• Parameters of the nonlinear functions are chosen based on
practical considerations.
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Neural Networks (NNs)
• Non-recurrent NNs
– No feedback
• Recurrent NNs
– Feedback
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AI Areas
• Machine Vision:
• Interpreting visual data. Face recognition…
• Speech Recognition:
• Text to Speech (ACROBAT Reader), OCR
• Advanced Logics: Advanced logic systems.
• Reinforcement Learning
• Robotics: Software and hardware. Projects.
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Algorithms and Circuits
• Boolean Intelligence
• Everything can be express using binary Alphabet
B=0,1 => Binary brain can be built
• 1-Bit Learner
• N-Bit Learning Circuit
• Circuits encoded in Java (Neuron), could be
other Object Oriented languages
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Intelligent Robots
• If we could create robots with intelligence
comparable to ours, should we do that?
• Many ethical questions may arouse
• Machine that can learn
• Machine that can reproduce itself
• Can such a machine be more intelligent that
us???
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Garry Kasparov World Champion
vs. Deep Blue, IBM
• Garry Kasparov playing chess
against computer Deep Blue.
• Deep Blue was the first
machine to win a chess match
against a world champion.
• Photo courtesy of IBM.
• 1996: Garry Deep Blue 4:2
• 1997: Garry Deep Blue 2.5:3.5
http://www.thetech.org/robotics/universal/breakout_p11_ibm.html
Research
• Software Development for Autonomous and
Social Robotics Systems
• https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-
3-319-92231-7_16
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https://www.businessinsider.com.au/5g-help-retailers-shopping-augmented-reality-2019-8?r=US&IR=T
Running Successful Augmented
Reality Programs in Industry
To watch recorded webinar please register for
the on-demand event at
https://www.industryweek.com/webinars/webinar/21125036/runn
ing-successful-augmented-reality-programs
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CISCO ICT Example
• Networking, Internetworking hardware and
software, Internet and CISCO Routers
• Deliver a Universal Curriculum to Thousands of
Students Worldwide
• 1997 problem: Customers were buying networking
equipment but there were no of qualified, skilled
ICT personnel who could install, support, and
maintain networks
 2012, Dr Milan Simic MANU1381 20
CISCO Networking Academy
• ICT education program
• Managing worldwide growth while
• Maintaining the high level of quality
• Migrating to a cloud computing model
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CISCO Cloud Computing
• Cloud is a term for the delivery of computing as
a service rather than a product
• Shared resources, software, and information are
provided as utility over the network
• Provide storage and processing power to users
• Networking Academy utilize cloud computing
to provide streamlined method for deploying
ICT education curriculum
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Cloud and Hybrid Collaboration
• Hybrid services combine cloud-based software as
a service with premises-based software and with
hosted services (Cisco HCS).
https://www.cisco.com/c/en_au/solutions/collaboration/cloud-collaboration/index.html
• Cisco Unified Communications Manager Cloud
https://blogs.cisco.com/collaboration/finally-a-clear-path-to-the-cloud-that-will-accelerateworkforce-
transformation
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Systems, Applications & Products
in Data Processing (SAP)
• European multinational software corporation
• SAP is an enterprise software to manage
business operations and customer relations
• SAP is a common system for multiple tasks
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Data Storage Architecture
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• SAP is Founded June 1972
• Punch cards replaced with Common Database
• Based on mainframe, Centralised
• Mid 1990 shift to client/server architecture
• 2004, 2006… Internet based
• 2014 Cloud based
• 2020 and later SAP IoT, AI, Machine learning…
SAP Modules
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https://solutiondots.com/blog/sap-erp-modules/
Functional SAP ERP Modules
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https://solutiondots.com/blog/sap-erp-modules/

1. Human Resource Management (SAP HRM), also known as Human
   Resource (HR)
2. Production Planning (SAP PP)
3. Material Management (SAP MM)
4. Financial Supply Chain Management (SAP FSCM)
5. Sales and Distribution (SAP SD)
6. Project System (SAP PS)
7. Financial Accounting and Controlling (SAP FICO)
8. Plant Maintenance (SAP PM)
9. Quality Management (SAP QM)
   Technical SAP ERP Modules
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   https://solutiondots.com/blog/sap-erp-modules/
   • SAP Basis
   • SAP Security
   • Advanced Business Application Programming (SAP ABAP)
   • High Performance Analytic Appliance (SAP HANA)
   • SAP NetWeaver
   • Information Systems Management (SAP IS)
   • Customer Relationship Management (SAP CRM Technical module)
   • Exchange Infrastructure (SAP XI)
   • SAP Solution Manager
   SAP Business Suite Applications
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   https://solutiondots.com/blog/sap-erp-modules/
10. Enterprise Resource Planning SAP (ERP SAP)
11. SAP Customer Relationship Management (SAP CRM)
12. SAP Supply Chain Management (SAP SCM)
13. SAP Supplier Relationship Management (SAP SRM)
14. SAP Product Life cycle
15. SAP HANA (High Performance Analytic Appliance)
16. Government, Risk and Compliance (SAP GRC)
17. SAP Strategic Enterprise Management (SAP SEM)
18. SAP Compliance Management for SOA
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    KES
    Split
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    KES Verona
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    KES Journal
    • International Journal of Knowledge-Based and
    Intelligent Engineering Systems
    • http://www.kesinternational.org/journal/
    • http://www.kesinternational.org/journal/topics.php
    • Emerging Intelligent Technologies:
    • Artificial Intelligence and the Internet, Information Agents on the Internet,
    E-commerce/E-business and E-learning, Intelligent Information Retrieval,
    Intelligent Web Mining & Applications, Intelligent User Interfaces,
    Bioinformatics using Intelligent & Machine Learning Techniques, Intelligent
    Tutoring Systems, Virtual Reality & Multi-Media Intelligent Information
    Systems, Artificial Life, Ant and Swarm Algorithms.